Internal combustion engine



KBASSLER Figi Filed Dec. 26, 1929 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGLNE Feb. 16, 1932.

iPatented Feb. 16, 1932 y UNITED ,STATES` PATENT oI-'Flca KURT IBBSLEB,` OF BERLIN-msm, GEBILANY, ASSIGNOB T0AGENERAL`ELETBIC COMPANY, OOBPORATION 0F NEW YORK INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Applicatioailled December 26, 1 929, Serial' No. 416,353, and in Germany January 17, 1989. i'

of cast iron' cylinder heads, the walls forlarge cylinders must be very strong because of the small tensile and bending strength of cast iron and this, in turn, has the eifect that the surfaces which face the combustion cham-- ber and are-exposed to the heat therein assume very high temperature during operation, while the other water-cooled walls do not become so hot. The cracks which frequently manifest themselves very rapidly are the result of the heat stresses caused by these temperature differences. Cast steel cylinder heads and pistons likewise have not been able to withstand the stresses; also in the manufacture of cast steel h-eads there is considerable loss because of the frequent occurrence of iiaws in the castings.

The object of my present invention is to provide improved cylinder heads and pistons and a method of manufacturing the same, whereby the above difficulties areovercome, and :for a consideration of what I believe to he novel and my invention, attention is directed to the following specification and the claims appended thereto.

The drawings show by way of an example a cylinder head manufactured according to the invention.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a sectional View oli the cylinder head; Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. l of a modification. According to my invention, I form the cylinder head of a number of individual parts `which are united by means of brazing. The

brazing operation is carried out preferably by introducing of a suitable metal, for instance copper, between the surfaces of the parts pressed tightly together at a high tem perature and in the presence of hydrogen, so that the cop er is drawn into the joints by the capillary e ect. However, 'm invention is 4 not limited necessarily to t is particular method. By the use of the brazing process for uniting the several individual parts I am enabled to utilize materials having the most advantageous properties and having a thickness best adapted for the conditions towhich they are subjected. For example, the parts which are exposed directly to the interior of the cylinder may be of comparatively thin material and if desired, a material having a high heat conductivity whereby such wall may be effectively cooled. At the same time other yparts may be made of material of high strength and of a thickness such that it is capable of withstanding the stresses to which it is subjected. For example, the parts which are exposed to the greatest heat may be made of a metal suchas cooper which has a high heat conductivity, whereas y the parts which are least subjected to heat can be made of material having a high strength such as ingot iron or cast steel. Also, by the use of the brazing process for uniting the parts, there is obtained a construction which is permanently tight and not likely to develop leaks in operation.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2 ofthe draw ings, the cylinder head comprises a tubular part l, a lower disk 2 which is directed toward the interior of the cylinder, an upper closing disk or cover 3 and a flange ring 4. The iange ring 4 is provided with an opening 5 through which cooling water is supn plied to the head, and an opening 6 through which the cooling water is discharged from the head. Inside tubular part l are a series of spaced radially extending webs 7 whichl serve to brace and strengthen the part 1 and also to distribute the cooling water,- the webs being provided alternately with radial inner tion of the head the flange ring'4 may be shrunk into place during the initial assembling of the structure, thereby tightly holding these parts together. In the case of the lower-part of the cylinder head, a ring 12 may be shrunk around tubular part 1 to hold it tightly against ldisk 2 during the brazing operation, the ring 12 being removed after my hand this 29th day of November, 1929.

the brazing operation is completed.

The arrangement shown' in Figg is similar to that shown in Fig.'2, except that the lowerdisk 13 correspond-ing to the disk 2 of Fig. 1, xis formed integral with the tubular part 14, corresponding to the tubular part 1 of. Fig. 1. Otherwise, the construction shown in Fig. 3 may shownvin Figs. 1 and 2.

By my invention, it will be seen that I- provide a cylinder head construction formed of several parts whichv are permanently be the same as that bular part, said tubular part, disks, ring'and webs being united to each other by brazing.

3. A cylinder head for' internal combustion engines comprising a tubular side wall, an inner disk of relatively thin material in said side wall, an outer disk of relatively heavy material in said side wall, and a ilange ring surrounding said sidewall; said side wall, disks, and ring being united by brazing.

4. A. cylinder head for lnterna-l combustion engines comprising a tubular side wall, an inner disk of relatively thin material in said side wall, an outer disk of relatively heavy material in said side wall, and a flange ring surrounding said side wall; said side wall, disks and ring being united by brazing, said inner disk being formed from material of relatively high heat conductivity.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set T BASSLER.

united 'by means of brazing, whereby, as

stated above, 'I am enabled to select for the various parts .materia-ls best suited to withstand the conditions under which they are required to operate.

n i In carryingl out the brazing operation, I

may with advantage place at suitable points inside the tubular part 1 additional copper which during the l brazing operation will spread out and coat the inner surfaces of the cylinder head, thereby protecting them against corrosion by the cooling water.

In accordance with the provision of the patent statute, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the appara-tus which I nowconsiderlto rep-V resent the best embodiment thereo'fl; but I desire to have it understood that the yapparatus shown is only illustrative and thatv the invention may be carried out by other means.

What I claim as'new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesfisf.-

1. A cylinder head for internal combustion engines comprising a tubular-part which forms the outer wall, upperA and lower disks,

in said tubular part, and a ange ring surrounding tlie tubular part, said tubular part, disks and flange ring being united to each y other by brazing.

2; A cylinder head for' internal 'combustion engines comprising a tubular part, upper and lower disks in said part, afiange ring surrounding the tubular part, and' radially,y extendlng strengthening webs inside the tu- 

